Although all OECD member states were facing similar challenges during the international financial and economic crises 2008-2010 (though to differing degrees) their reactions to the crisis varied greatly. Many states passed large economic stimulus packages, while others relied solely on a restrictive fiscal policy even in times of economic crisis. The composition of fiscal packages also differed greatly. While some states boosted public expenditure and expanded state investments others focused on a conjuncture stimulus by tax reductions.
This paper aims to identify the driving determinants behind the different fiscal policy reactions to the economic crisis by the OECD member states with regard to the size and the composition of the fiscal packages via international comparison. A fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis is applied to identify the driving forces for the fiscal policy reaction to the crisis. The independent variables are generated out of a combination of partisan political theory and the “Varieties of Capitalism” approach, controlling for other factors.